The controversy began after Pakistan, in response to the Pahalgam terror attack and subsequent diplomatic tensions, announced the suspension of the 1972 Shimla Agreement-a landmark treaty that has defined India-Pakistan relations for over five decades. The agreement, signed by Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, established the Line of Control (LoC) in Kashmir and set the framework for peaceful, bilateral dispute resolution.
In this context, Prithviraj Chavan publicly questioned whether the Indian central government had made any unilateral changes to the Shimla Agreement, stating:
"Given the recent developments, the central government must clarify if any changes have been made to the Shimla Agreement. The nation deserves transparency on such a critical diplomatic issue."
Chavan’s demand comes amid widespread confusion and concern, as the suspension of the Shimla Agreement by Pakistan marks a drastic departure from decades of diplomatic protocol. The agreement’s suspension has implications for border management, prisoner repatriation, and the overall approach to India-Pakistan disputes.
The Shimla Agreement was intended to normalize ties and ensure all disputes, including Kashmir, were resolved bilaterally and peacefully, without third-party intervention. It formally established the LoC, which has since served as the de facto border in Jammu & Kashmir. Its principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity have underpinned India-Pakistan diplomatic engagement for decades. Pakistan’s recent suspension of the agreement, in retaliation for India’s suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty and other measures, has created a diplomatic vacuum and increased uncertainty in the region.
Alongside his concerns about the Shimla Agreement, Prithviraj Chavan has also called for the repeal of the anti-defection law. The law, originally enacted to prevent political defections and maintain stability, has, according to Chavan, become obsolete and is now misused for political maneuvering.
He argued that the law, rather than curbing defections, has enabled new forms of political manipulation and horse-trading, undermining the spirit of democracy. Chavan urged Parliament to reconsider and repeal the law to restore genuine legislative independence and accountability.
Chavan’s statements have resonated widely, with opposition leaders echoing his call for government transparency on the Shimla Agreement and for reforms to strengthen democratic institutions. Political analysts note that the suspension of the Shimla Agreement could have long-term consequences for regional peace and diplomatic engagement.
