India is set to introduce advanced e-passports featuring state-of-the-art security enhancements such as interlocking microletters, relief tints, and embedded RFID chips that store encrypted biometric information, as revealed by design details obtained by the media.
As part of the implementation, all new passports will be e-passports right away, whereas current non-electronic passports will stay valid until they expire. The government aims to complete the switch to e-passports by June 2035.
Each e-passport features an RFID chip that stores encrypted biometric data like photos and fingerprints in an ICAO-compliant format. The contactless chip speeds up immigration checks and reduces fraud and tampering. So far, the MEA has issued 80 lakh e-passports in India and over 60,000 abroad.
The RFID chip safely contains the passport owner's biometric and personal data, such as photos, fingerprints, and other personal information, all encrypted. This digital system enables quicker and more accurate identity checks at immigration, sharply cutting down the chances of fraud or forgery. The built-in antenna supports contactless data reading, improving durability by reducing the need for physical handling.
Senior MEA officials said the revamped system will drastically reduce passport fraud and prevent cases of individuals holding multiple passports. The new system verifies an applicant’s biometric data against a central server, immediately flagging any existing passport in the applicant’s name.